沖壓模具的結構安全影響
瀏覽次數：1065
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發布日期：2020-07-23
沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)是(shi)(shi)(shi)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)加工的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)工藝裝(zhuang)備(bei)，沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)靠上、下(xia)(xia)(xia)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)來完成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。加工時(shi)(shi)由(you)于(yu)上、下(xia)(xia)(xia)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)之(zhi)間不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷地分合(he)(he)(he)，如(ru)(ru)果操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)工人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手(shou)(shou)(shou)指(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)斷進(jin)(jin)(jin)入或停(ting)留在模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)閉合(he)(he)(he)區，便(bian)會(hui)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)其(qi)人(ren)身安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)帶(dai)來嚴重(zhong)威脅。 （一(yi)）模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)及(ji)(ji)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求 1.工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)凸(tu)(tu)(tu)凹(ao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)直接使(shi)坯(pi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)成形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，因此，它是(shi)(shi)(shi)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。凸(tu)(tu)(tu)凹(ao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)但精密而(er)且復雜，它應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)滿足(zu)如(ru)(ru)下(xia)(xia)(xia)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求：（1）應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)有(you)足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)度(du)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)能(neng)(neng)在沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)斷裂或破(po)壞；（2）對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)其(qi)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)及(ji)(ji)熱處理(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)有(you)適(shi)當要(yao)(yao)(yao)求，防(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)硬度(du)太(tai)高而(er)脆裂。 2.定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)確(que)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)坯(pi)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，有(you)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)銷(xiao)(xiao)（板(ban)(ban)）、擋料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)銷(xiao)(xiao)（板(ban)(ban)）、導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)正銷(xiao)(xiao)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)板(ban)(ban)、定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)距側刀(dao)、側壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)等(deng)。設(she)(she)計定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)時(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)考慮(lv)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)方(fang)便(bian)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)有(you)過(guo)(guo)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)便(bian)于(yu)觀察，最(zui)(zui)好采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)前推定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)、外廓定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)和導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)正銷(xiao)(xiao)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)等(deng)。 3.壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、卸料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)及(ji)(ji)出料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)有(you)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)邊圈(quan)、壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)板(ban)(ban)等(deng)。 壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)邊圈(quan)可(ke)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)拉延坯(pi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)加壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)邊力，從(cong)而(er)防(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)坯(pi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)在切向(xiang)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)力的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)下(xia)(xia)(xia)拱起而(er)形(xing)(xing)成皺褶。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)防(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)坯(pi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)移動(dong)(dong)和彈跳。頂(ding)出器(qi)、卸料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)便(bian)于(yu)出件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)和清(qing)理(li)廢料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。它們由(you)彈簧、橡膠和設(she)(she)備(bei)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣墊(dian)(dian)推桿支(zhi)撐(cheng)，可(ke)上下(xia)(xia)(xia)運(yun)動(dong)(dong)，頂(ding)出件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)計時(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)有(you)足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頂(ding)出力，運(yun)動(dong)(dong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)限位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)。卸料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)板(ban)(ban)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)盡量(liang)(liang)縮小閉合(he)(he)(he)區域或在操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)上銑出空手(shou)(shou)(shou)槽。暴露的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)卸料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四周(zhou)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)設(she)(she)有(you)防(fang)(fang)(fang)護板(ban)(ban)，防(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)手(shou)(shou)(shou)指(zhi)(zhi)伸入或異(yi)物進(jin)(jin)(jin)入，外露表(biao)面棱角(jiao)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)倒鈍。 4.導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)向(xiang)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)柱(zhu)和導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)套(tao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)最(zui)(zui)廣(guang)泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)種導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)向(xiang)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。其(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)保(bao)(bao)證凸(tu)(tu)(tu)凹(ao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)在沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)時(shi)(shi)有(you)精確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配合(he)(he)(he)間隙(xi)。因此，導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)柱(zhu)、導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)套(tao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間隙(xi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)小于(yu)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)裁間隙(xi)。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)柱(zhu)設(she)(she)在下(xia)(xia)(xia)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)座，要(yao)(yao)(yao)保(bao)(bao)證在沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)下(xia)(xia)(xia)死點時(shi)(shi)，導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)柱(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)上端面在上模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)板(ban)(ban)頂(ding)面以(yi)上最(zui)(zui)少5至10毫米。導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)柱(zhu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)安(an)(an)(an)排在遠(yuan)離模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)塊和壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)，使(shi)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手(shou)(shou)(shou)臂(bei)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)越過(guo)(guo)導(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)(dao)柱(zhu)送取料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。 5.支(zhi)承(cheng)及(ji)(ji)夾持(chi)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)它包括(kuo)上下(xia)(xia)(xia)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)板(ban)(ban)、模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)柄、凸(tu)(tu)(tu)凹(ao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)板(ban)(ban)、墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)、限位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)器(qi)等(deng)。上下(xia)(xia)(xia)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)板(ban)(ban)是(shi)(shi)(shi)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，其(qi)他(ta)(ta)各種零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)都(dou)(dou)分別安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)在上面。模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)面尺(chi)寸，尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)前后方(fang)向(xiang)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)與制件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)相(xiang)適(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)，過(guo)(guo)大或過(guo)(guo)小均不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)利于(yu)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。 有(you)些模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)（落料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)孔類(lei)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)）為了出件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)方(fang)便(bian)，需(xu)在模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)架下(xia)(xia)(xia)設(she)(she)墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)。這時(shi)(shi)墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)最(zui)(zui)好與模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)板(ban)(ban)之(zhi)間用(yong)(yong)(yong)螺(luo)釘連接在一(yi)起，兩墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)厚度(du)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)絕對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)相(xiang)等(deng)。墊(dian)(dian)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)間距以(yi)能(neng)(neng)出件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)為準，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)太(tai)大，以(yi)免模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)板(ban)(ban)斷裂。 6.緊(jin)固(gu)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)它包括(kuo)螺(luo)釘、螺(luo)母、彈簧、柱(zhu)銷(xiao)(xiao)、墊(dian)(dian)圈(quan)等(deng)，一(yi)般都(dou)(dou)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)標準件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標準件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)量(liang)(liang)較多，設(she)(she)計選用(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)保(bao)(bao)證緊(jin)固(gu)和彈性(xing)頂(ding)出的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)，避免緊(jin)固(gu)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)暴露在表(biao)面操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)上，防(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)碰(peng)傷(shang)人(ren)手(shou)(shou)(shou)和妨(fang)礙操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。 （二）模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)設(she)(she)計的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)要(yao)(yao)(yao)點 在結構(gou)上應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)盡量(liang)(liang)保(bao)(bao)證進(jin)(jin)(jin)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、出件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)、清(qing)理(li)廢料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)便(bian)。對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)小型零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加工要(yao)(yao)(yao)嚴禁操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手(shou)(shou)(shou)指(zhi)(zhi)、手(shou)(shou)(shou)腕或身體(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其(qi)他(ta)(ta)部(bu)(bu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)伸入模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)區作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)；對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)于(yu)大型零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加工，若操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者必須(xu)手(shou)(shou)(shou)入模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)內(nei)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)時(shi)(shi)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)盡可(ke)能(neng)(neng)減(jian)少入模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍，盡可(ke)能(neng)(neng)縮短身體(ti)(ti)某部(bu)(bu)位(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)在模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)內(nei)停(ting)留的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)間，并應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)明確(que)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)危險區范圍，配備(bei)必要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)護措(cuo)施(shi)和裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)。 模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)有(you)足(zu)夠(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)度(du)及(ji)(ji)剛(gang)度(du)，防(fang)(fang)(fang)止(zhi)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)損壞和變形(xing)(xing)，緊(jin)固(gu)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)有(you)防(fang)(fang)(fang)松動(dong)(dong)措(cuo)施(shi)，避免意外傷(shang)害操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者。 不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)允許在加工過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)發生廢料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)或工件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)飛彈現(xian)象，影響操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)注意力，甚至擊傷(shang)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者。另外要(yao)(yao)(yao)避免沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)裁件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)毛刺割(ge)傷(shang)人(ren)手(shou)(shou)(shou)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)允許操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)者在進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)操(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)時(shi)(shi)有(you)過(guo)(guo)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)幅(fu)度(du)，避免出現(xian)使(shi)身體(ti)(ti)失去(qu)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)姿勢；不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)允許在作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)時(shi)(shi)有(you)過(guo)(guo)多和過(guo)(guo)難(nan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)盡量(liang)(liang)避免沖(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)加工時(shi)(shi)有(you)強(qiang)烈的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)噪聲和振動(dong)(dong)。模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)設(she)(she)計應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)在總圖(tu)上標明模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)重(zhong)量(liang)(liang)，便(bian)于(yu)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)，保(bao)(bao)障安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)。20千克以(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)加工應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)有(you)起重(zhong)搬運(yun)措(cuo)施(shi)，減(jian)輕勞動(dong)(dong)強(qiang)度(du)。裝(zhuang)拆模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)零(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)(ling)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)時(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)方(fang)便(bian)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)，避免有(you)夾手(shou)(shou)(shou)、割(ge)手(shou)(shou)(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)能(neng)(neng)；模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)要(yao)(yao)(yao)便(bian)于(yu)解體(ti)(ti)存(cun)放。總之(zhi)，模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)哪怕是(shi)(shi)(shi)細微的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題都(dou)(dou)會(hui)影響安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)，只(zhi)有(you)對(dui)(dui)(dui)(dui)每種作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)體(ti)(ti)問(wen)題進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)分析，才能(neng)(neng)提出模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)具(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)注意事項。
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